A key component of the gutbrain axis is the community of microorganisms residing in the GI tract — known as the gut microbiome. “Although research is still emerging, studies using FXS mouse models have revealed alterations in both the abundance and composition of gut microorganisms in Fragile X Syndrome,” McCullagh said. “Understanding which bacteria may be most important in this link, and what microbial metabolites may be involved, is key to understanding the role microbes play in treating ASD.” McCullagh’s lab uses FXS mouse models, meaning that the same FXS gene that is impacted in humans has been disrupted in the mice. This allows for a more mechanistic study of the condition in a species with similar genes to humans. By integrating their respective departments’ expertise in molecular genetics, neurobiology, microbial physiology and ecology, and systems biology, Fathepure and McCullagh can better identify microbial and metabolic signatures associated with FXSrelated symptoms, which could lead to innovative, personalized treatments. Furthermore, with support from the National Institutes of Health-funded Oklahoma Center for Microbiome Research, McCullagh, Fathepure and OSU graduate student Sabiha Alam have already collected preliminary data suggesting that there are indeed differences in the gut microbial species and abundance in mice with FXS compared to animals that are unaffected, or neurotypical. “This research holds significant potential for broad societal impact, especially in advancing precision medicine for neurodevelopmental disorders,” Fathepure said. “By uncovering the role of the gut-brain axis in FXS, this work paves the way for novel, low-risk therapeutic strategies — such as probiotics, dietary interventions, or microbiomebased diagnostics — that could improve quality of life for individuals with FXS and related conditions like ASD.” For students, engaging in this interdisciplinary research offers hands-on experience at the intersection of microbiology, neuroscience and genomics, preparing them for careers in translational science and biomedical innovation. “In alignment with the land-grant mission, our research exemplifies public service by addressing real-world health challenges, promoting community wellbeing and fostering accessible, sciencedriven solutions that benefit people in Oklahoma, particularly those in underserved or rural areas,” McCullagh said. From left: Dr. Liz McCullagh and Sabiha Alam use mouse models in their lab work. OSU COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES 13
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